In the heart of Pakistan’s ancient city of Multan, often called the ‘City of Saints,’ stands a magnificent structure that seems to touch the sky. This is the Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam, a spiritual beacon that has drawn seekers of peace and devotees for centuries. More than just a building of brick and tile, this mausoleum is a story of faith, architectural genius, and a shared cultural heritage that resonates across our subcontinent. Let’s embark on a journey to understand the soul of this sacred place.
Who Was Shah Rukn-e-Alam, the ‘Pillar of the World’?
To truly appreciate the tomb, we must first know the saint who rests within. Shah Rukn-e-Alam (1251-1335) was a revered Sufi saint whose name literally means “Pillar of the World.” And what a fitting name it was! He was a grandson of the famous saint Bahauddin Zakariya and dedicated his entire life to spreading the message of love, harmony, and righteousness. His teachings became a guiding light for countless people, and his influence made him one of the most eminent saints of his time in the Suhrawardiyya Sufi order.
The history of the tomb itself is quite fascinating. It was built between 1320 and 1324 CE by Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq, the founder of the Tughluq dynasty. Initially, he built this grand mausoleum for himself. However, destiny had other plans. After he became the Emperor in Delhi, the tomb was gifted by his successor, Muhammad bin Tughluq, to the family of Shah Rukn-e-Alam. In 1330, the saint’s mortal remains were moved here, and it has been his final resting place ever since.
An Architectural Marvel That Tells a Story
The Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam is considered one of the most impressive and earliest examples of Tughluq architecture, a style that would later influence monuments across the subcontinent. Its beauty is not just in its size but in its thoughtful design.
- A Unique Three-Tiered Structure: Unlike the typical square tombs of that era, this mausoleum is a three-tiered structure. The base is a massive octagon with a diameter of about 15 meters, supported by thick walls and sloping turrets, giving it a fortress-like appearance that is characteristic of Tughluq military design.
- A Symphony in Brick and Tile: The entire structure is built with deep red bricks, which create a stunning contrast with the intricate tilework. Bands of carved wood and sculpted bricks are decorated with glazed tiles in shades of brilliant blue, azure, and white. This blend of colours against the red brick is a sight to behold, glowing under the Multan sun.
- The Grand Interior: Step inside, and you’ll find a serene space. The carved wooden mihrab (prayer niche) is one of the oldest and finest of its kind. While much of the original tilework inside has faded with time, the spiritual ambiance remains potent. Shah Rukn-e-Alam’s sarcophagus is centrally located, surrounded by the graves of 72 of his relatives and devoted followers. Its grandeur and historical significance remind one of other timeless structures like the Shankaracharya Temple, which also tells tales of faith and history through its architecture.
This architectural gem has received global recognition, including the prestigious Aga Khan Award for Architecture, and is currently on the tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
The Enduring Spiritual Legacy
For centuries, this tomb has been more than just a historical monument; it is a living centre of faith. Many people ask what makes this place so special for Sufi followers. It is the palpable feeling of peace and the saint’s enduring message of unity that draws people here. The most vibrant display of this devotion is the annual Urs festival, held to commemorate the saint’s death anniversary. Over 100,000 pilgrims from all walks of life gather here, their hearts filled with reverence, creating an atmosphere charged with spiritual energy.
Journeys to such sacred places often inspire us to deepen our own spiritual practice at home. Creating a small, peaceful corner in our house for meditation or daily prayers can help us hold onto the tranquility we experience. Having a simple, beautiful item like a Fancy Tulsi Kather Mala can be a wonderful aid for Japa and reflection.
At Poojn.in, we understand this need to connect with our traditions. We offer a curated collection of authentic puja and spiritual items to support your spiritual journey, delivered with care right to your doorstep. Whether it’s a beautifully crafted Adiyogi Murti for your meditation space or other essentials, we are here to help you nurture your faith.
Tips for Your Visit
If you ever find yourself drawn to explore Multan’s rich heritage, a visit to this tomb is a must. The best time to visit is either early in the morning or late in the afternoon when the sunlight is soft and the crowds are thinner, allowing for a more peaceful experience. As it is a revered religious site, remember to dress modestly and maintain a respectful demeanour. Exploring Multan is like walking through the pages of a history book, with other sacred sites like the Burha Madhab Than also offering deep cultural insights.
The Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam is not just a destination; it’s an experience. It’s a beautiful reminder of a time when art, architecture, and spirituality came together to create something truly divine. It stands as a pillar of faith, inviting us all to connect with a legacy of peace that transcends time and borders.
