Embark on a sacred journey to the Varadharaja Perumal Temple in Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, a revered pilgrimage site for devotees of Lord Vishnu. Also known as Hastagiri, Attiyuran, Attigiri, Perarulalan Perumal Temple, Kanchi Koil, Thirukatchi, or Perumal Koil, this ancient temple holds deep historical and religious significance. Let’s explore the architectural marvels, rich history, and spiritual ambiance that make this temple a must-visit for those seeking a divine connection.
A Glimpse into History
The temple’s history is a tapestry woven through centuries. Initially built by the Pallava king Nandivarman II, it underwent significant renovations under the Cholas in 1053. Kulottunga Chola I and Vikrama Chola further expanded its grandeur, and later Chola kings added a protective wall and gopura in the 14th century. It stands as one of the 108 Divya Desams, sacred Vishnu temples revered by the 12 Alvars, and is considered one of the three holiest Vishnu shrines, alongside Srirangam and Tirupati. Known as ‘Perumal Koil‘ in Vaishnava tradition, it holds within its walls over 350 inscriptions from the Chola, Pandya, and Vijayanagara empires, offering glimpses into historical donations and the political climate of Kanchipuram.
A unique aspect of the temple is the Athi Varadar, a wooden statue of Varadharaja crafted from a fig tree, which is kept submerged in the temple pond and revealed for public viewing only once every 40 years. This rare event draws devotees from far and wide.
Architectural Wonders
Spread across 9.5 hectares in Chinna Kanchipuram, the temple showcases the brilliance of ancient Vishwakarma Sthapathis. Its three outer precincts – Alvar Prakaram, Madai Palli Prakaram, and Thiru Malai Prakaram – house 32 shrines, 19 vimanams, and 389 pillared halls. The main sanctum, facing west, is reached through a magnificent 130-foot, seven-tiered rajagopuram. The eastern gopuram stands even taller, a testament to architectural prowess.
The hill on which the main sanctum resides is known as Hastagiri. The path to the sanctum ascends 24 steps, each representing a letter of the sacred Gayatri mantra. Within the temple, the Punyakoti Vimanam graces the sanctum of Varadharaja Swami, while the Kalyana Koti Vimanam adorns the Perundevi Thayar shrine.
Marvel at the intricate sculptures depicting scenes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata in the 100-pillared hall, a hallmark of Vijayanagara architecture. The ceiling of Hastagiri is adorned with murals from the late Vijayanagara period, adding to the temple’s artistic richness. A unique feature is a massive stone chain sculpted from a single stone, a testament to the skill of the artisans.
Legends and Lore
Legends intertwine with the temple’s history. One tells of Indra, cursed by Saraswati to become an elephant, being redeemed by Vishnu. In gratitude, Indra installed silver and golden lizards within the temple as witnesses to this divine act. Another legend recounts Brahma performing a yagna, disrupted by the Vegavathi River. Vishnu, in his benevolence, lay down to stem the river’s flow, enabling the yagna’s completion.
Festivals and Celebrations
The temple’s calendar is vibrant with festivals. The grand Brahmotsavam, a ten-day celebration in May (Vaikasi), honors Lord Varadaraja and his consorts, Sridevi and Bhoodevi, with ceremonial baths and magnificent processions. The Temple Car Festival on the ninth day features the deity carried in ornate wooden chariots. Garudotsavam, also part of Brahmotsavam, witnesses deities from neighboring temples joining the procession. The Float Festival (Theppotsavam) in February and November carries the deities to the temple garden (Dorai Thottam). Devadhiraj Mahotsavam, celebrated every four years atop the Athigiri Mountains, and Vaikunda Ekadasi in December-January add to the temple’s spiritual vibrancy.
A Spiritual Oasis
The Varadharaja Perumal Temple offers a sanctuary for the soul. Engage in sacred rituals, seek blessings from Lord Varadharaja, and immerse yourself in the spiritual teachings and philosophies that resonate within these sacred walls. The temple’s serene ambiance fosters introspection and a deeper connection with the divine.
Plan Your Visit
When planning your visit, traditional attire is recommended as a mark of respect. Photography restrictions are in place to preserve the sanctity of the temple. Ample accommodation options are available nearby. Poojn.in can help you prepare for your visit with authentic puja items and prasadam to enhance your devotional experience. Kanchipuram is well-connected, ensuring a smooth and accessible journey.
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How Poojn.in Enhances Your Spiritual Journey
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